Impact of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy on neonatal mortality and major complications in preterm infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) on the mortality and early complications of premature infants.@*Methods@#The general clinical data of preterm infants with gestational age 24-36+ 6 weeks were collected from the cooperative units in the task group from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2014.According to the severity of HDCP, the infants were divided into 4 groups: HDCP group, preeclampsia group, eclampsia group and non HDCP group, the mortality and major complications of preterm infants were compared, and the influencing factors were analyzed.@*Results@#The mortality rate of preterm in the HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group, and there was statistical significance (χ2=9.970, P=0.019). Eclampsia had a highest fatality rate (4.8%) in the early stage, compared with non HDCP group (2.2%), and the difference was statistically significant.Comparison of HDCP group (1.8%) and eclampsia group (3.2%) suggested that there was no statistically significant difference.The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm in HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group, and there was statistical significance (χ2=13.241, P=0.004). Eclampsia group showed the highest incidence (35.4%), compared with non HDCP group (16.2%), the difference was statistically significant, but compared with HDCP group (19.9%), preeclampsia group (17.1%), there was no significant diffe-rence.The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm in HDCP group was significantly higher than that of non HDCP group (χ2=9.592, P=0.022), the highest incidence showed up in eclampsia group (9.7%), compared with non HDCP group (2.0%) and HDCP group (1.7%), the difference was statistically significant.But there was no statistically significant difference, compared with preeclampsia group.As the degree of HDCP aggravated, the incidence of BPD gradually rose.There was no significant impact on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and sepsis of HDCP (χ2=7.054, 7.214, 0.358, 3.852; P=0.070, 0.065, 0.949, 0.278). Considering the overall outcome of the child, that was, whether the child died or survived, he had at least one complication, and HDCP had an effect on it (χ2=15.697, P=0.001), so the incidence increased while the degree of HDCP rose gradually.After adjusting gestational age, birth weight, sex, way of delivery, placental abruption and front placenta, prenatal hormonal, gestational diabetes, neonatal asphyxia and other factors, the results displayed that HDCP was the factor leading to the death of premature baby (OR=2.159, 95%CI: 1.093-4.266), and comparison between preeclampsia and eclampsia showed no statistical difference (P=0.714, 0.389); HDCP had no significant influence on RDS, BDP, ICH, NEC, ROP and sepsis.@*Conclusions@#HDCP leads to increased risk of premature death, but also leads to the increased incidence of RDS and BPD, but it had no obvious effect on NEC, ROP, IVH, sepsis and other complications.

Impact of premature rupture of membranes on neonatal complications in preterm infants with gestational age <37 weeks / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) on neonatal complications in premature infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The registration information of 7684 preterm infants with gestational age <37 weeks were collected from the cooperative units in the task group between January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014. Specially trained personnel from each cooperative units filled in the unified form in a standardized format to record the gender, gestational age, birth weight, PROM, placental abruption, antenatal corticosteroid, Apgar score, amniotic fluid pollution, and complications of the infants. The data were analyzed comparatively between the cases with PROM and those without (control).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The preterm mortality rate was significantly lower but the incidences of ICH, NEC, ROP and BPD were significantly higher in PROM group than in the control group (P<0.05). The 95% confidence interval of the OR value was <1 for mortality, and was >1 for ICH, NEC, ROP and BPD. After adjustment for gestational age, birth weight, gender, mode of delivery, placental abruption, placenta previa, prenatal hormones, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational period hypertension and 5-min Apgar score <7, the incidences of NEC, ROP and BPD were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05) with 95% confidence interval of OR value >1, but the mortality rate and incidence of ICH were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PROM is a risk factor for NEC, ROP and BPD in preterm infants, and adequate intervention of PROM can reduce the incidences of such complications as NEC, ROP and BPD in the infants.</p>

Relationship between changes of bone mineral density and bone marrow pathology in ovariectomized rats / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the relationship between sequential changes of bone mineral density and bone marrow hematopoiesis in ovariectomized rats, and explore the correlation between the osteoporosis and the hematopoiesis. Fifty female Sprege-Dawley rats aged 3 months were randomly divided into ovariectomized (OVX) and sham operated (Sham) groups, euthanized after 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks respectively. The bone mineral density (BMD) of left femur was measured. The right femur distal metaphysical cancellous bone was fixed in 10% formalin to observe the changes of the bone marrow pathology. The function of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) was evaluated by colony forming assay. The level of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the BMD of femur in OVX 4 week group not decreased significantly as compared with the Sham 4 group, but the volume of adipose tissue significantly increased. The BMD of femur in OVX 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks decreased significantly as compared with the corresponding Sham groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the volume of hematopoietic tissue decreased and volume of adipose tissue increased, the megakaryocyte number decreased, the number of osteoclasts and mast cells increased in bone marrow section, as compared with sham operated group (P < 0.05). After rats were ovariectomized for 16 weeks, the GM-CSF level was significantly lower than that of Sham group. After rats were ovariectomized for 12 weeks, the GM-CSF level was obviously lower than that of Sham group (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the bone marrow hematopoiesis function also decreases when the BMD of ovariectomized rats reduces. The Sprege-Dawley OVX rats aged 3 months can be used as an model to study the hypohemopoiesis.

Different treatment modes for cerebral microlesions: a comparison of clinical efficacy / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To tentatively establish a diagnosis and treatment mode for effectively controlling the progress of cerebral microlesions (CM) and preventing the incidence of cerebral infarction (CI) by comparing different intervention modes for treating CM.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using a prospective, nonrandomized, controlled trial, 408 subjects with multiple CM were assigned to the Chinese medical pharmacy intervention group (Group A, 100 case), the aspirin intervention group (Group B, 104 cases), the negative control group (Group C, 100 cases), and the non-intervention group (Group D, 104 cases). No intervention was given to those in Group D. Patients in the other 3 groups were intervened by life style and routine therapies of vasculogenic risk factors. Those in Group A took Guizhi Fuling Pill (GFP) and earthworm powder additionally. Those in Group B took aspirin additionally. They were routinely followed-up. The CM, the changes of vasculogenic risk factors, and the incidence rate of CI were compared among the 4 groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate of CM was 66.67% in Group A, obviously higher than that of Group B (52.32%), Group C (42.86%), and Group D (37.04%), respectively. It was obviously higher in Group B than in Group D, showing statistical difference (P <0.01, P <0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of LDL-C, TC, and TG were obviously lower in Group A than in Group B (P <0.05); the serum levels of LDL-C and TC were obviously lower in Group A than in Group C (P <0.01); the systolic pressure was obviously lower in Group A than in Group D (P <0.05). The systolic pressure and the serum TC level were obviously lower in Group C than in Group D (P <0.05). The incidence rate of CI was 2.17% (2/92 cases) in Group A, obviously lower than that of Group C (11.36% ,10/88 cases) and Group D (14.44%, 13/90 cases), showing statistical difference (P <0.05). But there was no statistical difference between Group A and Group B (6.74% ,6/89 cases) (P >0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GFP combined earthworm powder could treat CM, control vasculogenic risk factors, and finally prevent the incidence of CI. Standard Chinese medical intervention mode showed the optimal effects in treating CM and preventing the incidence of CI, and perhaps it could be spread clinically.</p>

Clinical analysis of nimotuzumab plus cisplatin and fluorouracil regimen as induction treatment in resectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>A phase II study was conducted to test the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of cisplatin, 5-Fu and nimotuzumab, as induction treatment of resectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty cases of resectable HNSCC were treated with nimotuzumab (400 mg on day 1) combined with PF regimens (cisplatin 75 mg/m² on days 1 and 5-Fu 750 mg/m² on days 1-5 q3wks). After 2 cycles, an organ-preservation local therapy (surgery or radiotherapy) was recommended. The primary endpoints of this study were overall response rate, pathologic complete response and safety of the induction treatment. Mean age of 40 patients was 54 years old, of them 9 patients with oropharyngeal cancer (22.5%), 16 hypopharyngeal cancer (40.0%), 10 laryngeal cancer (25.0%), and 5 oral cancer (12.5%).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With a 2-cycle induction treatment, 34 (85.0%) patients achieved complete or partial response. Twenty-four patients (60.0%) got downstage, with T downstage in 21 (52.5%) patients and N downstage in 8 (20.0%) patients. Totally 27 patients got surgery after the induction treatment, of them 20 patients (74.1%) preserved organ functions. Four patients' primary tumors (10.0% in all 40 patients and 14.8% in operated 27 patients) showed pathologically complete responses. The toxicity was mild and manageable. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were neutropenia (5.0%), nausea/vomiting (2.5%), stomatitis (2.5%) and thrombocytopenia (2.5%). One patient got grade 2 renal insufficiency and one patient got grade 1 skin rash.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For resectable HNSCC, nimotuzumab plus PF regimen as induction treatment is highly effective for preserving the organ function and the toxicities are well tolerable.</p>

Infection and eradication of Helicobacter Pylorus affecting etiology and curative effect of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a META analysis / 中国实验血液学杂志

The study was aimed to explore the relationship between infection of Helicobacter Pylorus (H. Pylorus) and etiology of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and evaluate whether H. Pylorus eradication can increase platelet count in patients with ITP. The data-bases of cqvip, Wanfang, TsingHua TongFang, CNKI and PubMed were searched, inclusion and exclusion criteria and heterogeneity test were determined. The studies of H. Pylorus infection and ITP were investigated with fixed effect mode Meta-analysis. Relationship between H. Pylorus infection and etiology of ITP, H. Pylorus eradication and curative effect of ITP were comprehensively and quantitatively evaluated. OR > 1 indicated that factor of exposure was the risk factor of disease; OR < 1 suggested that factor of exposure was the protective factor of disease; OR = 1 revealed that there were no correlation between factor of exposure and diseases. 95%CI was the confidence interval of total OR. The results showed that a total of 211 cases and 210 controls from 5 studies was included to evaluate the exposure of H. Pylorus between ITP patients and controls, the pooled OR was 1.73 (95%CI = 1.12 - 2.67); a total of 458 cases and 305 controls from 13 studies was included to evaluate the relationship between H. Pylorus eradication and curative effect of ITP, the pooled OR was 6.53 (95%CI = 4.44 - 9.61). It is concluded that H. Pylorus infection plays a role in the etiology of ITP. Eradication of H. Pylorus increases platelet count in patients with ITP. H. Pylorus eradication can be used as the first line measure to treat H. Pylorus-positive ITP.

Improvement of Phi bodies stain and its clinical significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

The aim of this study was to improve the dyeing method of hydroperoxidase (HPO), to analyze the morphologic features of Phi bodies and to evaluate the clinical application of this method. 128 bone marrow or peripheral blood smears from patients with myeloid and lymphoid malignancies were stained by improved HPO staining. The Phi bodies were observed with detection rate of Phi bodies in different leukemias. 69 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) specimens were chosen randomly, the positive rate and the number of Phi bodies between the improved HPO and POX stain based on the same substrate of 3, 3'diaminobenzidine were compared. The results showed that the shape of bundle-like Phi bodies was variable, long or short. while the nubbly Phi bodies often presented oval and smooth. Club-like Phi bodies were found in M(3). The detection rates of bundle-like Phi bodies in AML M(1)-M(5) were 42.9% (6/14), 83.3% (15/18), 92.0% (23/25), 52.3% (11/21), 33.3% (5/15) respectively, and those of nubbly Phi bodies were 28.6% (4/14), 66.7% (12/18), 11.1% (3/25), 33.3% (7/21), 20.0% (3/15) respectively. The detection rate of bundle-like Phi bodies in M(3) was significantly higher than that in (M(1) + M(2)) or (M(4) + M(5)) groups. The detection rate of nubbly Phi bodies in (M(1) + M(2)) group was higher than that in M(3) group. In conclusion, after improvement of staining method, the HPO stain becomes simple, the detection rate of Phi bodies is higher than that by the previous method, the positive granules are more obvious, and the results become stable. This improved method plays an important role in differentiating AML from ALL, subtyping AML, and evaluating the therapeutic results.

Mechanism related to inhibition of leukemia K562 cells by berbamine / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mechanism related to the inhibition of leukemia K562 cells by berbamine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After K562 cells were treated with 8 microg/ml berbamine, the expression levels of NF-kappaB, IkappaBalpha, pIkappaBalpha, IKKalpha, A20 were determined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the exposure time extending, the total NF-kappaB showed no significant changes,but NF-kappaB expression in nucleus was decreased dramatically after treated with berbamine for 24 h. The ratio of nucleus NF-kappaB/histone H1 was decreased from 59.2%,gradually to 31.4%,19.7%,4.1%,and 0%. At the same time,the expression of A20 was increased,while the expression of pIkappaBalpha, IKKalpha was down-regulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Berbamine may induce K562 cell apoptosis through NF-kappaB pathway. Down-regulation of NF-kappaB and bcr-abl gene expression might be involved in cell apoptosis.</p>

Berbamine induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma RPMI 8226 cells by activating GADD45/JNK pathway / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of berbamine (BBM) on multiple myeloma (MM) cell line RPMI 8226 and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT bioassay was used to examine the effect of berbamine on cell growth and IC(50) was calculated. Apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry (FCM) and DNA gelose electrophoresis. p53, p21, GADD45 mRNA were measured by RT-PCR. The alterations in p53, J NK, p-JNK and c-Jun proteins were detected by Western blot method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The growth of RPMI 8226 cells was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with BBM(P<0.05), and its IC(50) value was 3.83 microg/ml at 48 h. Both DNA ladder and FCM results showed that BBM induced apoptosis of RPMI 8226 cells with concomitant increase of activated p53, p21 and GADD45gamma mRNA. After treatment with BBM at 8 microg/ml for 24 h, the percentage of apoptotic cells increased from 1.07% to 24.84%. p-JNK and c-Jun proteins were activated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BBM can inhibit the growth of RPMI 8226 cells, which is associated with activation of GADD45/JNK signaling pathway and induction of cell apoptosis.</p>

Increased fatty acid synthase as a potential therapeutic target in multiple myeloma / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression in human multiple myeloma and verify its potential as a therapeutic target in multiple myeloma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FAS expression was determined by immunohistochemistry, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblot analysis in bone marrow samples obtained from 27 patients with multiple myeloma (MM patients) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 12 healthy donors. In parallel, additional analyses were performed on 2 human multiple myeloma cell lines, U266 and RPMI8226. U266 cells were treated with cerulenin at various concentrations (5 to 320 microg/ml) for 24 h, and metabolic activity was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Apoptosis was evaluated by dual Annexin V/PI (propidium iodide) labeling and flow cytometry (FCM) in U266 cells treated with 20 (g/ml cerulenin for 12 h or 24 h.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By immunohistochemistry, we found that 19 of 27 bone marrow samples obtained from MM patients expressed significantly high levels of FAS. Similarly, by RT-PCR, 22 of 27 bone marrow samples obtained from MM patients, U266 and RPMI8226 showed FAS expression, whereas PBMC samples from 12 healthy donors did not express detectable level of FAS. FAS protein expression was confirmed by immunoblot analysis in 16 of 27 bone marrow samples obtained from MM patients, U266 and RPMI8226 cell lines, and no FAS protein expression was detected in PBMC samples from 12 healthy donors. U266 cells were highly sensitive to cerulenin treatment, with a dosage-related effect on metabolic activity, as a measure for cell proliferation. U266 cells treated with 20 microg/ml cerulenin for 12 and 24 h also showed early sign of apoptosis with 56.9% and 69.3% Annexin V(+)/PI(-) cells, and late apoptotic and necrotic cells with 3.2% and 17.6% Annexin V(+)/PI(+) cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Increased FAS expression existed in multiple myeloma samples and human myeloma cell lines. Cerulenin greatly inhibited metabolic activity/cell proliferation of U266 cells and induced apoptosis, suggesting that FAS is an effective target for pharmacological therapy in human multiple myeloma.</p>

Following-up of nosocomial lower respiratory infection in patients with hematological malignancy after chemotherapy / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe and investigate the risk factors and pathogen diversification of nosocomial lower respiratory infections in patients with hematological malignancy after chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Respiratory tract microbial population of fifty patients with different kinds of hematological malignancy and para-prepared to chemotherapy was quantitatively analyzed before and after chemotherapy at an arranged time from April, 2004 to December, 2005. Susceptibility test was determined for bacterium of nosocomial infection, and the homology of the same species of the bacteria was analyzed by a pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Incidence rate of lower respiratory infections in patients with the hematological malignant after chemotherapy was 16%. The major nosocomial infectious pathogens were Acinetobacter spp; Escherichia coil and Fungus. Among them, Acinetobacter spp, were highly resistant to cephalosporins, quinolones, aminoglycosides, carbapenems and antibiotic with enzyme inhibitor, respectively but susceptible to Cefoperazone/Sulbactam belonging to antibiotic with enzyme inhibitor. And it was shown that there were two clones by the pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Following-up of nosocomial lower respiratory infection in patients with hematological malignancy after chemotherapy might offer theoretical evidence for the rational use of antibiotics and the control of nosocomial infections.</p>

Evaluation of chromosomal abnormalities in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas - review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogenous disease from various resources and biological characters. Many researches indicated molecular abnormal characteristics in patients with NHL. Currently, NHLs are diagnosed according to the World Health Organisation classification. With the advances in molecular biology and cytogenetics, the cell as a morphological and functional unit has become essential in the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of lymphoma. The signification of abnormal karyotypes has been more and more focused on, and great progression has been made. Accepting the pitfalls of conventional cytomorphology and immunophenotype, this review emphasizes molecular abnormalities in non -Hodgkin's lymphomas, which are not only a molecular characterization, but also an indicator to predict prognosis and response to treatment.

A case-control study on green tea consumption and the risk of adult leukemia / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether green tea consumption can reduce the risk of adult leukemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A hospital-based matched case-control study was conducted in 2005 - 2006. We recruited 107 confirmed leukemia cases and 110 inpatient controls with orthopedic disease without leukemia or other malignancy matched on gender, age and hospitals that patients stayed. Related information were gathered on quantity, duration and frequency of tea consumption, demographic characteristics, exposure to radiation and occupational hazards, medications, using a validated questionnaire by face-to-face interview. Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with SPSS 11.5 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with non-tea-drinkers, the OR of those who consumed green tea was 0.58 (95% CI:0.34-1.00, P< 0.05) under univariate statistical analysis. The OR was 0.52 ( 95% CI: 0.28- 0.98, P = 0.04), using logistic regression to count for age, gender, residential area, smoking, level of education, exposure to radiation, benzene and organo-phosphorus. Compared with non-drinkers, the risk of adult leukemia declined with increasing quantity, duration, and frequency of green tea consumption. Tests for trend on dose-response was statistically significant (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A higher consumption of green tea seemed to be associated with a declined risk of adult leukemia. Tea consumption might be of help to human health planning projects.</p>

Berbamine selectively induces apoptosis of human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells via survivin-mediated pathway / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Currently, resistance and relapse are still major problems in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cases. Thus, new agents that override the resistance are crucial to the development of curative therapies for APL. In this study, we investigated the effects of berbamine on the proliferation of APL cell line NB4 and its possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>NB4 cells were treated with berbamine at different concentrations (0-64 microg/ml) for 72 hours. MTT assay was used to determine proliferation inhibition of NB4 cells. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by both flow cytometry (FCM) and morphological examination. PML/RAR-alpha and survivin mRNAs were measured by nested-RT-PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. Activated-caspase 3 was determined by FCM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Berbamine greatly inhibited the proliferation of NB4 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners, and its IC50 value was 3.86 microg/ml at 48 hours. Both morphological observations and FCM results showed that berbamine induced apoptosis of NB4 cells with concomitant increase of activated caspase-3 and decrease of survivin mRNA. After treatment with berbamine at 8 microg/ml for 48 hours, the percentage of apoptotic cells increased from 2.83% to 58.44% (P<0.01), and the percentage of cells with activated-caspase 3 elevated from 2.06% to 70.89% (P<0.01), whereas, level of survivin mRNA was reduced to 38.24% of control (P<0.01). However, no significant change was observed in PML/RAR-alpha mRNA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Berbamine induces caspase-3-dependent apoptosis of leukemia NB4 cells via survivin-mediated pathway, suggesting that berbamine may be a novel potential agent against APL with a mechanism distinct from that of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO).</p>

Cerulenin changes apoptosis related genes expression in multiple myeloma cell line U266 / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression changes of apoptosis related genes induced by cerulenin in multiple myeloma cell line U266 and explore its molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression changes of 96 apoptosis related genes were analyzed by superArray cDNA in U266 cells treated with cerulenin (20 microg/ml) for 12 h. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to confirm the representative expression changes genes, Rip2, caspase 9 and TRAF2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treated with cerulenin for 12 h, 44 apoptosis related genes expression in the U266 cells were changed, among which 41 were over 2 fold increase and 3 over 2 fold decrease. The expression of caspase 9 was increased markedly, indicating that mitochondria pathway played a key role in cerulenin inducing apoptosis and TRAF2 expression change suggested that nuclear factor (NF) participates in cerulenin inducing apoptosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The death acceptor signaling pathway and the death acceptor non-dependence signaling pathway co-regulate cerulenin inducing apoptosis in U266 cells. Mitochondria pathway played the key role and nuclear factor (NF) participates in the apoptosis process.</p>

Genetic effects of workers occupationally exposed to mercury using three genetic end-points / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigating genetic effects of workers occupationally exposed to mercury (Hg).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The peripheral lymphocytes from 20 workers exposed to mercury and 20 controls were measured with micronucleus test, comet assay, hrpt gene mutation test and TCR gene mutation test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean micronuclei rate(MNR) and mean micronucleated cells rate(MCR) in 20 workers were (5.90 +/- 0.91) per thousand and (5.30 +/- 0.81) per thousand, respectively while MNR and MCR in controls were (1.50 +/- 0.47) per thousand and (1.30 +/- 0.31) per thousand respectively, The difference of MNR and MCR between workers and controls was very significant (P < 0.01). The mean tail length (MTL) of workers and controls were (3.16 +/- 0.31) and (0.99 +/- 0.07) microm, respectively. The mean tail moment (MTM) of workers and controls were 1.63 +/- 0.22 and 0.39 +/- 0.03, respectively, There was a significant difference in MTL and MTM between workers and controls(P < 0.01). When the average mutation frequencies (Mfs-hprt) of hprt and (Mfs-TCR) of TCR of workers were compared with those of controls, there were not significant difference (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of the investigation indicated that the adverse genetic effects in workers occupationally exposed to mercury could be detected.</p>

Novel distribution pattern of fibrinolytic components in rabbit tissues extract: a preliminary study / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of this work was to investigate the distribution pattern of fibrinolytic factors and their inhibitors in rabbit tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The components of the fibrinolytic system in extracts from a variety of rabbit tissues, including tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), plasminogen (Plg), plasmin (Pl) and alpha(2) plasmin inhibitor (alpha(2)PI), were determined by colorimetric assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The tissue extracts in renal, small intestine, lung, brain and spleen demonstrated strong fibrinolytic function, in which high activity of tPA, Plg and Pl was manifested; whereas in skeletal muscle, tongue and stomach, higher activity of PAI-1 and alpha(2)PI showed obviously. Also excellent linear correlations were found between levels of tPA and PAI-1, Pl and alpha(2)PI, Plg and Pl. In related tissues, renal cortex and renal marrow showed distinctly higher activity of tPA and lower activity of PAI-1, with the levels of Plg and Pl in renal cortex being higher than those in renal marrow, where the alpha(2)PI level was higher than that in renal cortex. Similarly, the levels of tPA, Plg and Pl in small intestine were higher than those in large intestine, but with respect to PAI-1 and alpha(2)PI, the matter was reverse. In addition, the fibrinolytic activity in muscle tissue was lower, however, the levels of tPA, Plg, and Pl in cardiac muscle were obviously higher than those in skeletal muscles, and the levels of PAI-1 and alpha(2)PI were significantly lower than those in skeletal muscle.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our data demonstrate that a remarkable difference of the fibrinolytic patterns exists in rabbit tissues, which has probable profound significance in understanding the relationship between the function of haemostasis or thrombosis and the physiologic function in tissues.</p>

Study on proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis inducing effects of cerulenin on multiple myeloma cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether fatty acid synthase (FAS) is expressed in human multiple myeloma( MM) cells and investigate the proliferation inhibition effect of fatty acid synthase inhibitor cerulenin on multiple myeloma cell line U266 and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FAS mRNA expression in human MM cell line U266, RPMI8226 cell was assayed by RT-PCR. The proliferation inhibition rate of U266 cells was assayed by MTr analysis. Cell apoptosis and cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FAS mRNA was highly expressed in human multiple myeloma cell lines as compared with healthy donor PBMNCs. After U266 cells were treated with cerulenin (the concentrations from 5 microg/ml to 640 microg/ ml) for 24 h, the cell proliferation was markedly inhibited with a dose related manner, while the inhibition rate of human skin fibroblast cells were all lower than 30%. When U266 cells were treated with 20 pjg/ml cerulenin for 12 h and 24 h, the early apoptosis rate revealed by Annexin V/PI were 56. 9% and 69. 3% respectively, being higher than that of the blank controls (4. 3% and 1.8%, P < 0. 01). Cell cycle analysis showed it was blocked in S phase. Conclusion FAS is highly expressed in human MM. Cerulenin could induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of U266 cells. FAS might be a new potential target for multiple myeloma treatment.</p>

Effects of berbamine on growth of leukemia cell line NB4 and its mechanism / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine effects of berbamine on the growth of leukemia cell line NB4 and explore its possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The growth of NB4 cells was examined with MTT assay. Morphological analysis and DNA agarose electrophoresis were used to detect apoptosis in NB4 cells, and the apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. The PML/RAR alpha mRNA was determined by nested-PCR, and the Survivin mRNA was tested by RT-PCR. The expression of caspase 3 protein in NB4 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The growth of NB4 cells was inhibited significantly after treated with berbamine at different concentrations for different time points, the IC(50)value was 3.860 microg/ml at 48 hours. Morphology analysis showed the characteristics of apoptosis, and the DNA agarose electrophoresis showed the typical DNA ladder. The apoptosis rate increased from 2.83% to 58.44% after treated with berbamine at 12 microg/ml for 48 hours. The expression of PML/RAR alpha mRNA presented no significant changes, however, Survivin mRNA was decreased dramatically. The protein expression of Caspase 3 increased significantly from 2.06% to 70.89% after treated with berberine at a concentration of 12 mug/ml for 48 hours.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Berbamine could inhibit the growth of leukemia cell line NB4. The induction of cell apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms for suppressing the growth of leukemia cell line NB4. Inhibition of Survivin mRNA and upregulation of Caspase 3 protein might be also involved in cell apoptosis.</p>

Application of bone marrow biopsy imprint in evaluating cellularity / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the value of bone marrow biopsy imprint in evaluating cellularity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The bone marrow tissues were obtained by trephine biopsy from 272 patients, and then put on the slides to make the imprints. The imprints was stained by Wright-Giemsa method, and the bone marrow smears and imprints were examined simultaneously according to the bone marrow cellularity criteria.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In bone marrow cellularity, four grades (distinct decrease, extreme decrease, distinct increase, and extreme increase) were significantly higher in bone marrow imprints than those in bone marrow smears (P <0.05), but there was no significantly differences between bone marrow imprints and sections (P >0.05). Using bone marrow sections as standard, in cellularily decreasing samples, the consistent rate of bone marrow imprints and smears were both high (84.4% and 97.9%), in the group of the normal and increased cellularity, the consistent rate of the bone marrow imprints (84.4% and 97.7%) was significantly higher than that in smears (60% and 64%, P<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, positive predictive value and positive likelihood rate of bone marrow imprints were all higher than those of the smears. Using the bone marrow sections as gold standard, in 124 cases with decreased cellularity in smears, the positive diagnosis rate for aplastic anemia and dyshaematopoiesis based on bone marrow imprints was 37.1% with a false positive rate of 7.3% which was lower than that of the bone marrow smears (false positive rate of 29.8%, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To evaluate bone marrow cellularity, bone marrow imprint is better than bone marrow smear. The combination of the two examinations can make the diagnosis more convenient and quicker.</p>